Baby's Age
Work Schedule
Your Rights: The PUMP Act
The federal PUMP for Nursing Mothers Act (2022) requires employers to provide:
Break Time
Reasonable break time to pump for 1 year after birth
Private Space
A private, non-bathroom room with a lock, shielded from view
All Employees
Covers ALL workers (expanded from hourly-only in 2022)
Exemption: Employers with fewer than 50 employees may be exempt if they can prove "undue hardship."
States with Extra Protections
These states go beyond the federal PUMP Act:
| State | Key Protections |
|---|---|
| New York | 3 years (not 1), paid 30-min breaks, written policy required |
| California | Paid breaks, sink & fridge required, multi-employee room standards |
| Illinois | Paid breaks, applies to all employers (no size exemption) |
| Oregon | 30-min paid breaks, all employers |
| Minnesota | Paid breaks, electrical outlet required |
| Washington | 2 years (not 1), paid breaks |
| Colorado | 2 years, paid breaks |
| Vermont | 3 years, all employers |
| Maine | 3 years, all employers |
Building a Freezer Stash
Start 2-4 weeks before returning to work. Pump once daily (mornings produce the most). Your target: 3-5 days' worth of milk (36-60 oz).
Daily need formula: 1-1.5 oz per hour of separation. If you're away 9 hours (including commute), plan for 9-13.5 oz per day.
Common Questions
How Long Should Each Pumping Session Be?
Most sessions take 15-20 minutes of active pumping, plus 5-10 minutes for setup and cleanup. Schedule 25-30 minutes total per session to avoid feeling rushed.
What If I Can't Pump as Often as Recommended?
Dropping sessions gradually is fine, especially after 6 months when babies eat more solids. If you must skip a session, try to hand-express briefly to prevent engorgement and maintain supply.
Can I Pump During My Lunch Break?
Yes! Many parents combine a pumping session with their lunch break. The PUMP Act break time is in addition to regular breaks, but combining them can help minimize time away from your desk.
How Much Milk Should I Expect per Session?
Most mothers pump 2-4 oz per session (both breasts combined). Output varies by time of day (more in the morning), baby's age, and your individual supply. Total daily pumped output of 12-20 oz while working full-time is typical.
Related Tools
This schedule is a general guide based on typical pumping needs. Consult your lactation consultant or pediatrician for personalized advice.